An Overview of Artificial Insemination: A Journey from Past to Present

Prachi Sharma *

Department of Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Kamdhenu University Anand, 388001, Gujarat, India.

Damini Arya

Department of Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, G B Pant University of Agri. & Tech.Pantnagar-263145, Uttarakhand, India.

Anjali Arya

Department of Livestock Production Management, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Kamdhenu University Anand, 388001, Gujarat, India.

Shilpa Doultani

Department of Zoology, Gujarat University, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat-380009, India.

K. K. Hadiya

Department of Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Kamdhenu University Anand, 388001, Gujarat, India.

L.B. George

Department of Zoology, Gujarat University, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat-380009, India.

H. N. Highland

Department of Zoology, Gujarat University, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat-380009, India.

*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.


Abstract

Artificial insemination (AI) has a rich history spanning centuries, beginning with early experiments in plant and animal reproduction. This article traces the development of AI from its earliest recorded instances in 1322 A.D. to modern-day advancements. Notable pioneers such as Spallanzani, Hunter, and Ivanoff contributed significantly to the evolution of AI techniques. The introduction of AI across various animal species, including cattle, horses, sheep, goats, pigs, and poultry, revolutionized breeding practices worldwide. Key milestones include the development of semen extenders, the invention of artificial vaginas for semen collection, and the advent of cryopreservation techniques. Moreover, advancements in sperm quality assessment and estrous synchronization further enhanced AI efficiency. The introduction of sexed semen technology has provided a means to control offspring gender, offering new avenues for genetic selection. Overall, AI has played a crucial role in improving livestock genetics, disease control, and reproductive efficiency, making significant contributions to agricultural productivity and sustainability.

Keywords: Artificial Insemination, estrous, livestock, selection, semen, extender


How to Cite

Sharma, Prachi, Damini Arya, Anjali Arya, Shilpa Doultani, K. K. Hadiya, L.B. George, and H. N. Highland. 2024. “An Overview of Artificial Insemination: A Journey from Past to Present”. Journal of Scientific Research and Reports 30 (6):449-58. https://doi.org/10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i62061.