Fungus Gnat a Common Contaminant of Insect Culture in Glasshouse and Protected Cultivation
M. N. Rudra Gouda
*
Division of Entomology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India.
Shashank H G
Division of Plant Genetic Resources, ICAR-IARI, New Delhi, 110012, India.
Nitika Saini
Department of Entomology, PAU, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141004, India.
Jeevan H
Division of Nematology, ICAR-IARI, New Delhi, 110012, India.
Chethan Kumar K B
Division of Plant Genetic Resources, ICAR-IARI, New Delhi, 110012, India.
Tulasi B
Division of Entomology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India.
Yogananda M
Division of Vegetable Sciences, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India.
Ashwini L.M.B
Division of Genetics and Plant Breeding, University of Agricultural sciences, Dharwad, 580005, India.
Megha Raj R H
Department of Agronomy, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut, 250110, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
This study focuses on the identification and management of two closely related fungus gnat species, Bradysia ocellaris C. and Bradysia impatiens J., within glasshouse insect cultures. The hypothesis posits that these gnats, emerging from plant soil, compete with target insects for food resources and serve as vectors for pathogens, thereby posing a significant threat to the integrity of insect cultures. Through a combination of morphological and molecular techniques, we distinguished between these species, revealing nuanced differences that are crucial for accurate identification. The emergence of these gnats presents challenges, as they compete for food resources with target insects and may act as vectors for pathogens. To mitigate these issues, comprehensive management practices, including hygiene maintenance, physical controls, targeted insecticides, and quarantine measures, were implemented. The study's outcomes highlight the effectiveness of these strategies in maintaining optimal conditions in controlled environments and preserving the integrity of insect cultures. These findings offer valuable insights into pest control strategies and emphasize the importance of a holistic approach to managing pests in protected cultivation settings.
Keywords: Fungus gnats, Bradysia ocellaris, Bradysia impatiens, glasshouse, insect cultures, molecular, mtCOI, management