Role of Plant Growth Regulators in Improving Vegetable Crop Productivity: A Review
Subhash Verma
School of Agriculture, Eklavya University, Damoh, Madhya Pradesh, 470661 India.
Ashutosh Upadhyay
Department of Vegetable Science, C. S. Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur, 208002, India.
Manju Kumari
Department of Horticulture, Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Kishanganj, Bihar, India.
Amrendra Kumar *
Department of Horticulture and Vegetable Science, BPSAC, Purnea, India.
Ashutosh Kumar
Department of Horticulture Vegetables, KVK, Narkatiyaganj, RPCAU, Pusa Bihar, India.
Sapan Kumar
ATMA, Katihar, India.
Sunny
Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur, 813210, India.
Shivani Sunil Tandle
Department of Agronomy, Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani, 431402, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Vegetable crops are one of the most critical sources of world nutrition and food security. However, optimal productivity can be challenging to achieve often due to biotic as well as abiotic factors. Plant growth regulators (PGRs) have evolved as effective tools for improving the growth and development of vegetables and stress resilience. This review discusses the major categories of PGRs, including auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins, ethylene, abscisic acid, brassinosteroids, jasmonates, and salicylic acid. Key physiological mechanisms, such as growth modulation, stress tolerance, and nutrient uptake, are discussed. They have different (PGRs) helpful under drought condition (ABA), and many of (PGRs) helpful for molecular aspect (genome editing tool CRISPR/Cas9) such as gibberellins. The review also highlights challenges, practical applications, and future research directions to maximize the benefits of PGRs in sustainable vegetable production.
Keywords: Plant growth regulators, vegetable crops, stress tolerance, crop productivity